Python - Things to know before proceed - Ascii, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal Tutorial

ASCII

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

It a numeric value given to each character and symbol, which is used as a standard data-encoding format for electronic communication between computers.

We can find ASCII value of char using ord().

Program to find ASCII Value of any character-

char = 'A'
print("The ASCII value of '" + char + "' is", ord(char))

Output-

ASCII Table

Decimal	Hexadecimal	Binary	Char	Description
0	00	00000000	NUL	Null
1	01	00000001	SOH	Start of Header
2	02	00000010	STX	Start of Text
3	03	00000011	ETX	End of Text
4	04	00000100	EOT	End of Transmission
5	05	00000101	ENQ	Enquiry
6	06	00000110	ACK	Acknowledge
7	07	00000111	BEL	Bell
8	08	00001000	BS	Backspace
9	09	00001001	HT	Horizontal Tab
10	0A	00001010	LF	Line Feed
11	0B	00001011	VT	Vertical Tab
12	0C	00001100	FF	Form Feed
13	0D	00001101	CR	Carriage Return
14	0E	00001110	SO	Shift Out
15	0F	00001111	SI	Shift In
16	10	00010000	DLE	Data Link Escape
17	11	00010001	DC1	Device Control 1
18	12	00010010	DC2	Device Control 2
19	13	00010011	DC3	Device Control 3
20	14	00010100	DC4	Device Control 4
21	15	00010101	NAK	Negative Acknowledge
22	16	00010110	SYN	Synchronize
23	17	00010111	ETB	End of Transmission Block
24	18	00011000	CAN	Cancel
25	19	00011001	EM	End of Medium
26	1A	00011010	SUB	Substitute
27	1B	00011011	ESC	Escape
28	1C	00011100	FS	File Separator
29	1D	00011101	GS	Group Separator
30	1E	00011110	RS	Record Separator
31	1F	00011111	US	Unit Separator
32	20	00100000	space	Space
33	21	00100001	!	exclamation mark
34	22	00100010	"	double quote
35	23	00100011	#	number
36	24	00100100	$	dollar
37	25	00100101	%	percent
38	26	00100110	&	ampersand
39	27	00100111	'	single quote
40	28	00101000	(	left parenthesis
41	29	00101001	)	right parenthesis
42	2A	00101010	*	asterisk
43	2B	00101011	+	plus
44	2C	00101100	,	comma
45	2D	00101101	-	minus
46	2E	00101110	.	period
47	2F	00101111	/	slash
48	30	00110000	0	zero
49	31	00110001	1	one
50	32	00110010	2	two
51	33	00110011	3	three
52	34	00110100	4	four
53	35	00110101	5	five
54	36	00110110	6	six
55	37	00110111	7	seven
56	38	00111000	8	eight
57	39	00111001	9	nine
58	3A	00111010	:	colon
59	3B	00111011	;	semicolon
60	3C	00111100	<	less than
61	3D	00111101	=	equality sign
62	3E	00111110	>	greater than
63	3F	00111111	?	question mark
64	40	01000000	@	at sign
65	41	01000001	A
66	42	01000010	B
67	43	01000011	C
68	44	01000100	D
69	45	01000101	E
70	46	01000110	F
71	47	01000111	G
72	48	01001000	H
73	49	01001001	I
74	4A	01001010	J
75	4B	01001011	K
76	4C	01001100	L
77	4D	01001101	M
78	4E	01001110	N
79	4F	01001111	O
80	50	01010000	P
81	51	01010001	Q
82	52	01010010	R
83	53	01010011	S
84	54	01010100	T
85	55	01010101	U
86	56	01010110	V
87	57	01010111	W
88	58	01011000	X
89	59	01011001	Y
90	5A	01011010	Z
91	5B	01011011	[	left square bracket
92	5C	01011100	\	backslash
93	5D	01011101	]	right square bracket
94	5E	01011110	^	caret / circumflex
95	5F	01011111	_	underscore
96	60	01100000	`	grave / accent
97	61	01100001	a
98	62	01100010	b
99	63	01100011	c
100	64	01100100	d
101	65	01100101	e
102	66	01100110	f
103	67	01100111	g
104	68	01101000	h
105	69	01101001	i
106	6A	01101010	j
107	6B	01101011	k
108	6C	01101100	l
109	6D	01101101	m
110	6E	01101110	n
111	6F	01101111	o
112	70	01110000	p
113	71	01110001	q
114	72	01110010	r
115	73	01110011	s
116	74	01110100	t
117	75	01110101	u
118	76	01110110	v
119	77	01110111	w
120	78	01111000	x
121	79	01111001	y
122	7A	01111010	z
123	7B	01111011	{	left curly bracket
124	7C	01111100	\|	vertical bar
125	7D	01111101	}	right curly bracket
126	7E	01111110	~	tilde
127	7F	01111111	DEL	delete

Binary Value

Binary Value are represented by base 2. there are only two symbol used to represent the binary value, i.e 0 and 1.

Binary Number = 1101011
Decimal value = (1*(2^6)) + (1*(2^5)) + (0*(2^4)) + 
                (1*(2^3)) + (0*(2^2)) + (1*(2^1)) + 
                (1*(2^0))
              = 107

In Python, you can simply use the bin() function to convert from a decimal value to its corresponding binary value.

print(bin(107))
print(bin(22))
print(bin(90))

Output-

0b1101011
0b10110
0b1011010

Similarly, int(),oct(),hex() is used to convert from a binary value to its corresponding decimal, octal and hexadecimal value respectively.

print(int(0b1101011)) #OR print(int('1101011',2)) #base2
print(oct(0b1101011))
print(hex(0b1101011))

Output-

107
0o153
0x6b

Octal Value

Octal Value are represented by base 8. there are represented by only 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

Octal Number = 458
Decimal value = (4*(8^2)) + (5*(8^1)) + (8*(8^0))
              = 712

In Python, you can simply use the oct() function to convert from a decimal value to its corresponding octal value.

print(oct(107))
print(oct(22))
print(oct(90))

Output-

0o153
0o26
0o132

Similarly, int(),hex(),bin() is used to convert from a octal value to its corresponding decimal, hexadecimal and binary value respectively.

print(int(0o153)) #OR print(int('153',8)) #base8
print(hex(0o153))
print(bin(0o153))

Output-

107
0x6b
0b1101011

Hexadecimal Value

Hexadecimal Values are represented by base 16. there are represented by only 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.

Hexadecimal Number = 7F
Decimal value = (7*(16^1)) + (16*(16^0))
              = 127

In Python, you can simply use the hex() function to convert from a decimal value to its corresponding hexadecimal value.

print(hex(107))
print(hex(22))
print(hex(90))

Output-

0x6b
0x16
0x5a

Similarly, int(),bin(),oct() is used to convert from a hexadecimal value to its corresponding decimal, binary and octal value respectively.

print(int(0x7F)) #OR print(int('7F',16)) #base16
print(hex(0x7F))
print(bin(0x7F))

Output-

127
0x7f
0b1111111

Python - Things to know before proceed - Ascii, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal Tutorial

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